Which period did the Byzantine Empire survive after?

The Byzantine Empire is known to have continued to exist long after the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD. When the Western Roman Empire disintegrated, the Eastern Roman Empire, which is often referred to as the Byzantine Empire, persisted and flourished in its capital, Constantinople. The Byzantine Empire maintained imperial structures and governance, preserving Roman law and culture, even when the West faced fragmentation and invasions.

The fall of the Eastern Roman Empire, on the other hand, occurred much later, in 1453, when Constantinople was conquered by the Ottomans. The rise of Alexander the Great occurred during the 4th century BC and preceded the establishment of the Roman Empire. The era of the Renaissance, which emerged in the 14th century, was a time of revival of classical knowledge but was not a period after which the Byzantine Empire survived.

Thus, the choice indicating the fall of the Western Roman Empire identifies a critical moment after which the Byzantine Empire not only survived but also became a central power in history for nearly a thousand years.