What is a theocracy?

A theocracy is a system of government where priests or religious leaders govern in the name of a deity or a god. This form of governance intertwines political authority with spiritual authority, meaning that laws and policies are often based on religious texts, traditions, or beliefs. In a theocracy, the leaders claim to derive their power directly from divine guidance or authority, making religious and political decisions inseparable.

This understanding emphasizes that theocracy is distinct from other forms of government, such as a monarchy, where a king or queen might rule, or a democratic system led by elected officials where the government is accountable to the populace. Similarly, a secular government is characterized by the separation of religious institutions from the state, which is the opposite of a theocratic system, where the two are combined. Recognizing these distinctions is crucial in understanding different governance structures throughout history and their implications on society.